Overview
Event versions
Each model run of the Shaking Layers tool is available in the 'Event Runs' page. Each 'Event Run' is a different version. A new run is due to a change in the input data. This could include the earthquake magnitude, location, ground motion observations, rupture characteristics or scientific configurations.
Each run is named with the date-time stamp (UTC time) when the run started (e.g. 2022-07-27T10:32:52), which in this example is 10:32:52am on the 27th of July 2022. The run name also includes the type of run, which could be auto, reviewed, or revised.
Auto: Automatic runs are generated automatically by the Shaking Layers computer system. They use basic earthquake parameters and recorded strong motion data as inputs. Automatic runs have not been reviewed by a human. Automatic runs are triggered when a earthquake solution (magnitude, location, depth) changes, or at certain time intervals after and earthquake when new strong motion data may be available.
Reviewed: A reviewed run has been reviewed by a seismologist and updated based on any available science before publishing. A reviewed run may include new scientific input data such as an earthquake fault rupture geometry, felt reports, additional strong motion data, earthquake tectonic type information, and other configurations.
Revised: A revised run is an automatic run that has updated a previously reviewed run. This may include new strong motion data or changes to earthquake solutions.
The first runs of an Earthquake are always automatic and the first run can be expected approximately 20 minutes following an earthquake. Automatic runs occur frequently immediately after an earthquake due to changes in the earthquake solution which trigger an automatic run. Reviewed runs will generally only be available after significant earthquakes.
Input data
Input data for each run can be found in the raw file directory. This includes the earthquake source information (event.xml) and recorded strong motion data (event_dat.xml). Configuration details of the ShakeMap software (e.g. see model.conf and info.json) are also provided.
File types
Standard files
The standard file set are a set of files produced from the raw files that are stable and supported by GeoNet. The standard files are available through the Shaking Layers API. The standard files are very unlikely to change and if there are changes, GeoNet users will be notified.
Standard file type descriptions
| Filename | File Format | Intensity Measure Type | Intensity Measure Type Unit | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| intensity_mmi.tif | Geotiff | Intensity | MMI | Raster grid of intensity |
| intensity_mmi_stddev.tif | Geotiff | Intensity | MMI | Raster grid of intensity standard deviation (uncertainty) |
| intensity_mmi_contour_lines.json | Geojson | Intensity | MMI | Generalised contour lines of intensity |
| intensity_mmi_contour_polygons.zip | Shapefile (in a zipped file) | Intensity | MMI | Detailed contoured polygons of intensity |
| intensity_mmi_map.pdf | Intensity | MMI | Static map of intensity with strong motion stations | |
| pga_g.tif | Geotiff | Peak ground acceleration (PGA) | g | Raster grid of PGA |
| pga_g_stddev.tif | Geotiff | Peak ground acceleration (PGA) | log(g) | Raster grid of PGA standard deviation (uncertainty) |
| pga_g_contour_lines.json | Geojson | Peak ground acceleration (PGA) | g | Generalised contour lines of PGA |
| pga_g_contour_polygons.zip | Shapefile (in a zipped file) | Peak ground acceleration (PGA) | g | Detailed contoured polygons of PGA |
| pgv_cms.tif | Geotiff | Peak ground velocity (PGV) | cm/s | Raster grid of PGV |
| pgv_cms_stddev.tif | Geotiff | Peak ground velocity (PGV) | cm/s | Raster grid of PGV standard deviation (uncertainty) |
| pgv_cms_contour_lines.json | Geojson | Peak ground velocity (PGV) | cm/s | Generalised contour lines of PGV |
| pgv_cms_contour_polygons.zip | Shapefile (in a zipped file) | Peak ground velocity (PGV) | cm/s | Detailed contoured polygons of PGV |
| psa_0p3_g.tif | Geotiff | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 0.3s period | g | Raster grid of PSA for 0.3s period |
| psa_0p3_g_stddev.tif | Geotiff | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 0.3s period | log(g) | Raster grid of PSA for 0.3s period standard deviation (uncertainty) |
| psa_0p3_g_contour_lines.json | Geojson | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 0.3s period | g | Generalised contour lines of PSA for 0.3s period |
| psa_0p3_g_contour_polygons.zip | Shapefile (in a zipped file) | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 0.3s period | g | Detailed contoured polygons of PSA for 0.3s period |
| psa_1p0_g.tif | Geotiff | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 1.0s period | g | Raster grid of PSA for 1.0s period |
| psa_1p0_g_stddev.tif | Geotiff | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 1.0s period | log(g) | Raster grid of PSA for 1.0s period standard deviation (uncertainty) |
| psa_1p0_g_contour_lines.json | Geojson | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 1.0s period | g | Generalised contour lines of PSA for 1.0s period |
| psa_1p0_g_contour_polygons.zip | Shapefile (in a zipped file) | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 1.0s period | g | Detailed contoured polygons of PSA for 1.0s period |
| psa_3p0_g.tif | Geotiff | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 3.0s period | g | Raster grid of PSA for 3.0s period |
| psa_3p0_g_stddev.tif | Geotiff | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 3.0s period | log(g) | Raster grid of PSA for 3.0s period standard deviation (uncertainty) |
| psa_3p0_g_contour_lines.json | Geojson | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 3.0s period | g | Generalised contour lines of PSA for 3.0s period |
| psa_3p0_g_contour_polygons.zip | Shapefile (in a zipped file) | Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) for 3.0s period | g | Detailed contoured polygons of PSA for 3.0s period |
| param.json | Json | - | - | Dictionary of earthquake and model parameters |
Raw files
The raw file set consists of default files that are generated by the ShakeMap software used to create Shaking Layers information. The raw files are not supported by GeoNet and may change at any time without warning.
For information on the raw files please refer to the USGS ShakeMap website.
Using Shaking Layers
Software compatibility
Geotiff: Geotiff is a raster file that can be opened in a Geographic Information System (GIS) software such as QGIS (free and open source) or ArcGIS (license required).
Shapefile: Shapefiles are a vector file.
GeoJson: Geojson is an open data format for representing vector geographic features. Geojson can be opened in GIS software or in the geojson website.
Json: Json is a human and computer readable format. Json files can be viewed in a text editor or a web browser.
PDF: PDF files should open in the Web Browser when clicked. PDF files that are downloaded can be viewed in a PDF viewer such as Adobe Acrobat Reader.
Coordinate system projection
All standard and raw files are projected in WGS84 (CRS 4326) which has units of decimal degrees.
Maps with uncertainty
The Shaking Layers tool produces the mean estimate of shaking (e.g. pga_g.tiff) as well as an estimate of the uncertainty (pga_g_std.tiff), represented by the standard deviation. Some users may be interested in producing a custom shaking map that combines these two layers. This can be undertaken in a raster calculator in a GIS system such as QGIS or ArcGIS or through a programming language such as Python or GDAL. Below we show the equation to combine the mean and standard deviation layers to produce a custom map.
In this example we want to calculate a conservative shaking map that shows the mean plus two standard deviation (i.e. the 95th percentile shaking). To do this the following equation would be used in a raster calculator:
mean_plus_2stddev.tiff = exp( log(pga_g.tiff) + (2 x pga_g_std.tiff))
First we convert the mean PGA layer (pga_g.tiff) into log space, as this is the units of the standard deviation file. We then multiply the standard deviation PGA layer (pga_g_std.tiff) by the number of standard deviations away from the mean. If we were interested in plus one standard deviation this number would be 1 instead of 2. We then add together both these numbers. If we were interested in the mean minus two standard deviations then we would subtract instead of adding. We then take the exponential of this value to convert out of log space.
How to cite
If you use Shaking Layers data, please use this citation:
GNS Science, GeoNet Shaking Layers Dataset. https://doi.org/10.21420/J856-2J84
